pratiyogita darpan english subscription

pratiyogita darpan english subscription

pratiyogita darpan english subscription This article was published in the month of October PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP (PPP) ROUTE  Railway Ministry Plans to bid out 16 Stations under Public-Private Partnership (PPP) Route.  This is in addition to the 1253 railway stations that have been identified for development under the Adarsh Station Scheme. 55 o These railway stations will be upgraded to ensure improved basic facilities and accessibility for passengers.  PPP refers to a cooperative agreement between the government organization and a private firm to execute a project or provide services to the local population for the long term. o It encompasses several delivery models such as Operation & Maintenance (O&M) Built-Operate Transfer (BOT) Builds–Own–Operate–Transfer (BOOT) Design-Finance-Build-Operate-Transfer etc.  Benefits o Help in recovering the project cost as the present railway fair is highly Cross-subsidization. o Increase the competition and efficiency in the modernization of railway projects. o Tackle the underperformance of the railway due to a lack of skilled workforce and other construction equipment.  Challenges for PPP in Railways o Delay in land acquisition and multiple clearances and approvals from various regulatory bodies. o Unviable tendering of PPP projects owing to lack of proper planning and unrealistic cost estimates. o Ineffective dispute resolution o Lack of standard PPP practices in line with global standards pratiyogita darpan english yearly subscription.

pratiyogita darpan english subscription